Samos is the most visited island in the North-Eastern Aegean islands, keeping nevertheless its beauty and calm character. It is s a particularly verdant island which has kept a big part of its impressively green forests. Busy resorts, crowded beaches, intensive nightlife but also secluded coves, traditional villages, significant archaeological sites and peaceful places can be found in Samos.

In ancient times, it was a particularly rich and powerful city-state. It is home to Pythagoreion and the Heraion of Samos, a UNESCO World Heritage Site that includes the Eupalinian aqueduct, a marvel of ancient engineering. Samos is the birthplace of the Greek philosopher and mathematician Pythagoras, after whom the Pythagorean theorem is named, the philosopher Epicurus, and the astronomer Aristarchus of Samos, the first known individual to propose that the Earth revolves around the sun.

Samian wine was well known in antiquity, and is still produced in the island. A great portion of the island is covered with vineyards, from which muscat wine is made.